How AI-driven nanotechnology could help prevent artery blockages and strokes

These days, Atherosclerosis, the buildup of fatty and fibrous material in the arteries, has become the leading cause of heart disease and stroke. This condition slowly starts to build up in the arteries, narrowing and hardening them gradually restricting blood flow. This increases the risk of heart attacks and peripheral artery disease.

Since this condition develops slowly, the person may not show symptoms until arteries have become significantly blocked. An angiography and stress tests can often detect Atherosclerosis after it has built up. This increases the need for advanced technology so that it can be detected or predicted. But what if we tell you that AI can help here?

Can AI predict Atherosclerosis?

Since less invasive and more targeted treatment is the need of the hour, AI and machine learning can help doctors predict the progression of Atherosclerosis. It can also suggest personalised treatments based on patient-specific data.

Wearable technology like smartwatches and telemedicine can also enable monitoring of heart health and noting early signs before the situation escalates. This can help doctors be aware of the problem before it is too late.

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Traditional methods used for imaging Atherosclerotic plaques include intravascular ultrasound, coronary angiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These technologies have their own limitations in the form of invasiveness and the ability to deliver targeted therapies.

Scientists at the National University of Singapore have harnessed the power of nanotechnology to diagnose and treat Atherosclerosis. They have developed nanoparticle technology for targeted diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Let’s see how it can help.

How can AI-driven nanotechnology helps

During diagnosis or treatment, nanoparticles are introduced into the bloodstream. They break down in the acidic environment of the atherosclerotic plaques and get to work. Upon finding plaque, it releases gadolinium which helps in real-time imaging of test severity. It also releases Simvastatin, a water-soluble drug with anti-inflammatory and anti-ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) properties to eliminate the plaque.

This contributes to plaque stabilisation and treatment. This method can work without surgery making it non-invasive. If a diagnosis can be available before the situation worsens, this treatment can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in young adults and old people alike.